Wednesday, April 6, 2016

Jesus Christ-Our Great High Priest


(Audio version; Music: "Jesus Tore The Veil" by: Emily Lynch and "All Of Creation" by: MercyMe)







Introduction

            A couple of weeks ago, Christians around the world celebrated the climactic event of our faith—the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. The death of Jesus served to satisfy God’s demand for justice for the offense of our sins against Him. And Jesus’ resurrection signaled the end of death as the end and paved the way for humanity to be reconciled back to God. As part of my Easter message, we walked through the Stations of the Cross together. Easter is filled with so many images—the crowds on Palm Sunday praising Jesus by shouting, “Hosanna to the Son of David; blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord! Hosanna in the highest heaven!” And very likely many from that same crowd shouting, “Crucify him! Crucify him!” just a few days later. Between those extremes are the images of betrayal by a friend, prayers of anguish by the Son to His Father, brutal beatings, the horror of the cross, the seeming death of so many hopes and dreams, sorrow so deep that even creation trembled, and finally, the possibility of new hope at the discovery of the empty tomb. But there was something else that happened at the moment of Jesus’ death that I would like to focus on for this week’s lesson.

            After God liberated the Israelites from their Egyptian bondage, He gave them detailed instructions for how they were to relate to Him and one another that began with the giving of the Ten Commandments to Moses on Mount Sinai. And thereafter, God gave Moses more and more instructions for how the people were expected to live as a new community of God’s people and how He expected His people to worship Him. Included in those instructions were the details for constructing the worship Temple. The original Temple was completely mobile so that it could move with the Israelites during their wandering in the wilderness before they reached the Promised Land. Within the Temple was an isolated room that housed the Ark of the Covenant which contained the tablets upon which God wrote the Ten Commandments that were given to Moses. God promised that He would always be with His people in the form of His holy presence between the two golden cherubim that formed part of the cover of the Ark. It would be know as God’s “Mercy Seat.” The isolated room within the Temple that housed the Ark and the Mercy Seat where God’s presence would dwell was known as the Holy of Holies and was separated from the rest of the Temple by a thick curtain or veil. It was not permitted for anyone other than an authorized priest to enter the Holy of Holies and be in the presence of God. In practice, the priest would enter into the presence of God in the Holy of Holies and represent the people to God and the priest would then exit the Holy of Holies and communicate God’s Word and will to the people.

            Twenty-four hundred years after the temporary Temple was first constructed during Israel’s wilderness wandering, King Solomon completed the construction of the permanent Temple in Jerusalem. Although far more elaborate than the mobile Temple constructed during the 15th century B. C., it functioned in much the same way and also contained an isolated room known as the Holy of Holies that was similarly separated by a massive curtain or veil. Roughly speaking, the veil was sixty feet high, thirty feet wide, and four inches thick. In short, it was massive! And like the Holy of Holies in the mobile Temple, only priests were permitted to enter the Holy of Holies in the permanent Temple. Only priests were allowed to be in the presence of God. The curtain or veil separated the presence of God from His people.

            It is precisely the image of the Temple veil that I want to focus on from the events surrounding the death of Jesus Christ. If you recall, the moment that Jesus died on the cross, the sky became dark, the earth shook, and veil of the Temple was torn in two from top to bottom. A sixty-foot high, four-inch thick curtain was ripped in two at the death of Jesus! We tend to breeze right over this because it is somewhat meaningless to us because the Temple was destroyed in 70 A. D. and the Ark has long since been lost. So the torn veil seems somewhat irrelevant now. But is the priesthood also irrelevant or abandoned to antiquity? I think you’ll soon agree with me that the priesthood is still relevant but has been transformed in the person of Jesus Christ. I want you to focus not so much on the physical aspect of the torn veil but what the torn veil represents spiritually. We have to look beyond the torn curtain in order to understand what exactly happened when Jesus died. Standing in the place of the torn curtain you will see Jesus Christ—Our Great High Priest.

Subject Text

Hebrews 4:12-16

            12For the word of God is alive and active. Sharper than any double-edged sword, it penetrates even to dividing soul and spirit, joints and marrow; it judges the thoughts and attitudes of the heart. 13Nothing in all creation is hidden from God’s sight. Everything is uncovered and laid bare before the eyes of him to whom we must give account. 14Therefore, since we have a great high priest who has ascended into heaven, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold firmly to the faith we profess. 15For we do not have a high priest who is unable to empathize with our weaknesses, but we have one who has been tempted in every way, just as we are—yet he did not sin. 16Let us then approach God’s throne of grace with confidence, so that we may receive mercy and find grace to help us in our time of need.

Context

            The Book of Hebrews was written to Hebrew Christians generally but appears to be written to a group of Hebrew Christians who may have been considering a return to Judaism perhaps because their spiritual immaturity couldn’t reconcile the seeming disconnect between the revelation of God in the Old Testament and the revelation of God in Jesus Christ in the New Testament. Additionally, they may have been laboring under fierce persecution from both Jews and Romans so their faith may have been wavering. The Book of Hebrews serves as a reminder to the Jews and by extension to all of us that we no longer have to hide behind and rely on religious systems and rituals to lead us into the very presence of God because we now have Jesus Christ—Our Great High Priest.

Text Analysis

12For the word of God is alive and active. Sharper than any double-edged sword, it penetrates even to dividing soul and spirit, joints and marrow; it judges the thoughts and attitudes of the heart.

            A number of years ago I was working on a construction project when a piece of sheet metal fell loose and the edge landed right across the bridge of my nose. I knew it was bad because the blood started running down my face immediately. I was afraid to look in the mirror because I didn’t want to see how bad it really was. Eventually I had to look in the mirror so I could see what needed to be done to stop the bleeding and get on with my work. Crazy right? I wonder, though, how many people do the exact same thing when it comes to the sin in their lives.

            Unbelievers scream as loud as they can that God doesn’t exist because they either don’t want to be reminded about the sin in their lives or don’t want to relinquish the sin in their lives. However, have you ever wondered why the Bible remains the most purchased yet least read book of all time among Christians? Because of v. 12! In other words, believers neglect familiarizing themselves with what God’s Word says for pretty much the same reason unbelievers refuse to believe God exists in spite of all evidence to the contrary—because they either don’t want to be reminded about the sin in their lives or don’t want to relinquish the sin in their lives. You see, God’s word functions in the life of a believer much the same was as a surgeon’s scalpel functions to excise damage and disease from the human body. However, unless we submit ourselves to the surgeon’s care, the damage and disease will remain in our bodies and will likely spread and may eventually kill us.

            God’s Word does the exact same thing—it cuts through and excises all the damage and disease caused by sin in our lives. However, we have to be willing to submit to the Heavenly Surgeon’s care or the damage and disease of sin will likely kill us spiritually. V. 12 makes God’s Word sound so dire. It almost frightens us away from embracing it even though God gives it for our benefit because He loves us. So maybe we should begin to consider God’s word differently. Yes, it does all the things outlined in v. 12 but because God loves us not because He’s angry with us. What if God’s Word to us isn’t comprised of sixty-six books designed to beat us into submission. What if God’s Word is actually sixty-six love letters inspired by God to invite us into relationship with Him. Would you open and read sixty-six love letters addressed to you personally even if they contain painful truths about you? What would you do with what you read in those love letters? Words that come from someone who loves you don’t condemn you. Words that come from someone who loves you can serve to transform you—if you will let them.

“The word of God is living, life-changing, and dynamic as it works in us. The demands of the word of God requires decisions. We not only listen to it, we let it shape our lives. Because the word of God is living, it applied to these first-century Jewish Christians, and it applies as well to Christians today. Most books may appear to be dusty artifacts just sitting on a shelf, but the word of God collected in Scripture reverberates with life.

            The word of God penetrates through our outer façade and reveals what lies deep inside. The metaphor of the sharpest knife pictures the word of God cutting deep into our innermost thoughts and desires, revealing what we really are on the inside.”[1]

13Nothing in all creation is hidden from God’s sight. Everything is uncovered and laid bare before the eyes of him to whom we must give account.

            When my girls were little (many years ago), I was always able to tell when they were lying to me or had done something wrong. In part I had that ability because they weren’t very good liars but mainly because I knew them intimately. Now if I, in my limited capacity, can know my children that intimately, imagine how God, in his unlimited capacity can know us. V. 13 states what we intuitively know to be true—God is omniscient; He is all-knowing. He is also omnipresent; everywhere simultaneously. He is omnipotent; all-powerful. And finally, He is eternal; there was never a time nor will there ever be a time when God doesn’t exists. That means nothing, absolutely nothing, escapes His notice either because of time or space. You and I can never know everything, but God can. This can be very difficult to wrap your mind around but God does not experience time and space in the same way we do. For us, time is linear. We are able to see the timeline for a distance behind us but we can only experience time up to the current moment. Space is even more constrained for us. We can only be in one place at any time and only in the present moment. We may be able to see the timeline behind us but we cannot travel there. We can only exist at this present moment in this space. But that’s not the way it is with God. God experiences the past, present, and future all at the same time. He also exists everywhere at the same time. You can go ahead and try and digest that if you can. The point I’m trying to make is, that’s why v. 13 can say that nothing is hidden from God’s sight—because He has seen it before it has occurred. In other words, there are no sins that are secret from God. Not only does He know what sins you’ve committed, He knows the sins you are yet to commit.

            “The word of God is able to reach into the deepest recesses of the human personality. The discrimination of the hearth’s thoughts and intentions entails a sifting process that exhibits the penetrating and unmasking potency of the word.

            An impression of total exposure and utter defenselessness in the presence of God is sharpened in v. 13. That nothing in creation is hidden from God’s sight was a Jewish commonplace. The surveillance predicated of God is exhaustive; nothing escapes his scrutiny. The images of nakedness and helpless exposure express vividly the plight of anyone who believes he can deceive his creator and judge. In context the force of v. 13 is to assert that exposure to the word of Scripture entails exposure to God himself.”[2]

14Therefore, since we have a great high priest who has ascended into heaven, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold firmly to the faith we profess. 15For we do not have a high priest who is unable to empathize with our weaknesses, but we have one who has been tempted in every way, just as we are—yet he did not sin.

            It is important to remember that the Book of Hebrews was written primarily to Jewish Christians who understood the Temple priesthood and the purpose of that priesthood in relation to God and His people. But the reference to a great high priest according to vv. 14-15 was probably a foreign concept to them. This is why the image of the torn veil is so important in this lesson. The tearing of the veil represents an important transition in the understanding of the priesthood.

            “Christ is indeed a real apostolic high priest, both from God and of humankind; the designation is not metaphorical…Christ is the apostle of God, the one who utters the Word of God. Christ is also the high priest, who responds to this Word and to God on behalf of the people…

            The priests of Israel ministered at the boundary between God and the community, between the Word of God and the human response, bringing God to the people and the people to God…Christ’s priesthood in its wider sense means (1) the Word of God addressing us in the incarnate flesh of Jesus of Nazareth, and (2) the human work of Jesus Christ, wholly God, in response in his dealing with the Father on our behalf, as our representative before God.

            Unlike the priests of Israel, Jesus does not stand at the boundary between God and humankind, at a tangential point of connection, for he is wholly of God and wholly of humankind, interpenetrating both the realm of God and realm of created nature. Chris is not a mathematical point of connection between God and humankind, but a mediator between them as one in being with both God and humankind.”[3]

16Let us then approach God’s throne of grace with confidence, so that we may receive mercy and find grace to help us in our time of need.

            The importance of the torn veil of the Temple is essential to understanding why we can now confidently approach God’s throne of grace according to v. 16. In an odd way, Israel’s priests recognized that they were losing their control over the people because of Jesus. Jesus was bringing their religious monopoly to an end. Until Jesus arrived, the people needed the priests in order to intercede for them with God. They needed the priests to offer sacrifices to God on their behalf for the forgiveness of their sins. When God, in the person of Jesus Christ, arrived and began to forgive sins without the need for animal sacrifices, the priests sensed that their days were numbered; they sensed that their religious monopoly was coming to an end; they sensed that they were losing control over the people. Why do you think they were constantly looking for ways to get rid of Jesus and were ultimately successful in doing so? Do you really think it was because they were trying to uphold some kind of religious ideal? No! They were losing control of the people and they needed to put a stop to Jesus’ growing influence.

            The torn temple veil is the realization of the priests’ fears. The priests were no longer necessary to bring the people to God and God to the people because all people had direct access to God in the person of Jesus.

            “As the incarnate Son of the Father Jesus Christ has been sent to fulfill all righteousness both as priest and as victim, who through his one self-offering in atonement for sin has mediated a new covenant of universal range in which he presents us to his Father as those whom he has redeemed, sanctified and perfected forever in himself. In other words, Jesus Christ constitutes in his own self-consecrated humanity the fulfillment of the vicarious way of human response to God promised under the old covenant, but now on the ground of his atoning self-sacrifice once for all offered this as a vicarious way of response which is available for all mankind.”[4]

Application

            If you know me or have followed my lessons then you know I grew up in a Roman Catholic home. For those of you who are unfamiliar with Roman Catholicism, they employ an elaborate priesthood. The ecclesial structure was an invention of the Roman Catholic church and is without specific biblical support. And never a denomination to shy away from being unbiblical, the Roman Catholic priest is referred to as “Father” in direct contradiction to Jesus’ own words when He specifically instructed His followers to never refer to anyone as “Father” because they only had one spiritual Father and that is God the Father (Mt 23:9).

            Not surprisingly, prior to the Reformation in the early 16th century, Roman Catholic priests had a religious death grip on people just like the Old Testament priests did during their day. They dangled salvation in front of the people not only to gain their allegiance and compliance but in many cases to take their money! They convinced the people that they were a necessary instrument to bring the people into a salvation relationship with Jesus Christ. The priests were the only ones qualified to baptize, offer communion, and hold Mass which they insisted were necessary elements for salvation (also grossly unbiblical). They insisted that the Scriptures remain in Latin so that only the priests could communicate God’s Word to the people (once again unbiblical). However, William Tyndale, in defiance of the church, translated the Bible into English in the 16th century and began to question various established doctrines of the Roman Catholic church. He was eventually arrested as a heretic and burned at the stake. Do you recognize a pattern emerging? When the reformers threatened the power and authority of the Catholic priesthood, they became targets that the Roman Catholic church had to eliminate. Since the Reformation, the pattern of religious control has often repeated itself across many other denominational lines.

            Anytime a religious leader, regardless of denomination, sets himself or herself up as being necessary to intercede for others before God, he or she is simply reconstructing the Temple veil that separates the people from God that was torn at the death of Jesus. Our Subject Text is very clear that you do not need any kind of religious leader to intercede for you before God. The primary role of any true religious leader is his or her ability to communicate God’s Word to you as handed down to us in the Scriptures and to get out of the way and show you how you yourself can confidently enter the presence of God in Jesus Christ who offers us salvation simply because He is gracious. Our salvation is not dependent on the actions of any priest or pastor or any other religious leader. Our salvation depends only on our faith in Jesus Christ—Our Great High Priest.





[1] Bruce Barton, Philip Comfort, Grant Osborne, Linda K. Taylor, and Dave Veerman, Life Application New Testament Commentary, (Wheaton, IL: Tyndale House Publishers, 2001), p. 1022.
[2] William L. Lane, Hebrews 1-8—Word Biblical Commentary, (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1991), p. 103.
[3] Andrew Purves, Reconstructing Pastoral Theology—A Christological Foundation, (Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox Press, 2004), pp. 47; 49-50.
[4] Thomas F. Torrance, The Mediation of Christ, (Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 1983), p. 86.

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