Introduction
As of this posting, it will be less than two months
before the United States presidential election. If you’re not sick of all the
rhetoric yet, give it another 30 days and you may very well be by then. Most of
you know me well enough by now that I am not in the habit of pandering to the
events of the day in order to entertain my readers. However, sometimes leaders
generally and religious leaders more specifically say things that compel me to
say something. When politicians pander for votes using cheap fabrications and
misinformation, I’ve grown accustom to dismissing what they say as foolishness.
When religious leaders do it in God’s name, I refuse to let fabrications or
misinformation go unchallenged. The other day, I read something in support of a
particular position of one of the two major political parties from Archbishop
Desmond Tutu that I’d like to share with you. Here’s what Archbishop Tutu said:
“I can’t for the life of me imagine that God will say, ‘I will punish you
because you are black, you should have been white; I will punish you because
you are a woman, you should have been a man; I will punish you because you are
homosexual, you ought to have been heterosexual.’ I can’t for the life of me
believe that is how God sees things.” The purpose of this writing is not to
teach about what the Bible says about homosexuality. I will most certainly
teach about that specifically and in detail in a future writing. For the
purposes of this writing, I will simply stipulate that the practice of
homosexuality is consistently condemned in the Bible as an abhorrent behavior
most often described, in both the Old and New Testament, as either detestable or
indecent (cf. Lev 18:22; Lev 20:13; Rom 1:26-27).[1]
But that’s not the point of this particular teaching. Which was more pleasant
for you to hear—what Archbishop Tutu said or what I just said? And that’s the
point of this teaching! There are those who will read my words and be fuming
with anger even though the words are not my own but instead come directly from
God’s Word. Those same people read the words of Archbishop Tutu and praise his
wisdom even though his words are at best grotesquely misleading and at worst
flat out untrue. However, many people are itching to hear what they want and
the Archbishop is scratching the itch! But Archbishop Tutu isn’t the first to Scratch Those Itching Ears.
2 Timothy 4:1-5
1 In the presence of God and of Christ Jesus, who
will judge the living and the dead, and in view of his appearing and his
kingdom, I give you this charge: 2
Preach the word; be prepared in season and out of season; correct,
rebuke and encourage—with great patience and careful instruction. 3 For the time will come when
people will not put up with sound doctrine. Instead, to suit their own desires,
they will gather around them a great number of teachers to say what their
itching ears want to hear. 4 They
will turn their ears away from the truth and turn aside to myths. 5 But you, keep your head in all
situations, endure hardship, do the work of an evangelist, discharge all the duties of your ministry.
Context
This letter, known as one of the Pastoral Epistles,
contains some very important lessons from Paul. You see, this letter was
written by Paul from a Roman prison while he was awaiting his execution.
There’s something about people condemned to death—they seldom mince words and
Paul was no different. There was an ever increasing danger to the young Church
that Paul was constantly battling in addition to outright unbelief: “They were
increasingly endangered by a judaizing-gnostic countermission that included
church leaders and probably coworkers. Some house churches were ravaged and
near collapse.”[2] Paul’s
letters to Timothy were not only intended to instruct but also to encourage
Timothy to always be prepared to faithfully and diligently carry out his
calling and to persevere in the face of coming hardships. Paul anticipated that
there would be some who would abandon their faith. The Pastoral Epistles
“Anticipate such behavior ‘in later times’ (1 Tim 4:1; cf. 2 Tim 3-4). But they already know of false teachers who
have ‘missed the mark with regard to the truth/faith’ and who ‘upset the faith’
of some in the church (2 Tim 2:18; 1 Tim 6:21). Some ‘will depart from the
faith’ ( 1 Tim 4:1) and ‘will turn away from hearing the truth’ (2 Tim 4:4).
Departure from the faith comes from accepting ‘teachings of demons ’” (1 Tim
4:1).[3]
Explanation
For vv. 1-2, it’s important to remember that Timothy is
Paul’s protégé and here we see that Paul is passing the torch on to Timothy to
continue Paul’s work. The Greek that translates: “I give you this charge” is a
technical term that has multiple meanings including the term for the official
transfer of office. This is a solemn moment as Paul organizes his affairs in
anticipation of his imminent execution. Paul invokes the witness of God and
Christ in the deed with the reminder to all of the things to come. That Christ
will return in the final days as the ultimate Judge of all things and the
establishment of the Kingdom. “All of v. 1 is thus a shout to lean into God’s
certain future that is even now becoming present. But the commission still
needs to be filled out in practical terms.”[4]
The
practical terms of ministry for Paul, and by extension for Timothy, are
identified broadly as five elements: 1) Preach the Word; 2) Always be available
and prepared; 3) Rebuke/correct; 4) Encourage; and 5) Minister with great
patience and careful instruction. It is important to remember that these
ministry elements are given to Timothy in the context of an oath. This is
evident by the aorist imperative verb tense used. “Timothy is to preach the
word. As it conflicts with the Ephesian heresy,[5] he
will need to confront the false teachers and their teaching, rebuke those who
will not listen to him, and exhort those who will listen and follow the true
gospel…Timothy must have complete and total patience, and his teaching must
inform his preaching, confronting, rebuking, and exhorting. While Paul is
thinking of Timothy in this verse, what he says is true for all Christian
ministers.”[6] There
are many interesting Greek words found in this text but I’d like to focus
briefly on one: This is the word for
“rebuke.” The word is used twenty-nine times in the New Testament but only once
by Paul. It is an extremely strong word that is used by Jesus to rebuke demons.
Paul tells Timothy in his first letter that demons promote false teaching. I’ll
come back around to this at the end but remember where lies originate from and
false teachings are nothing more than cleverly disguised lies.
Vv.
3-4 are at the heart of this week’s lesson. In v. 3 Paul warns Timothy of a
time when people will reject proper and sound teaching. Actually, they won’t
just reject sound teaching, the text says, “they won’t put up with it.”
Instead, they will insist on surrounding themselves with teachers that will
tell them what they want to hear. They don’t want teachers that will tell them
the truth, they want teachers to make them feel good about themselves and the
lives they have chosen to live. “In this case the problem is viewed more from
the angle of weak, sinful believers who are willing to be duped. Paul ascribes
those who have surrendered to worldly values and sinful passions of various
sorts so much so that these things determine the kind of teaching they will
listen to.”[7] Paul
describes it as only wanting to hear what their itching ears want to hear. So
they gathered about themselves only those who would Scratch Those Itching Ears! The term can be understood as a
metaphor intended to “Depict an appetite for novelty that cannot be satisfied;
the metaphor implies that the false teachers will ‘scratch’ (satisfy) the itchy
ears for them.”[8] Or else
it can mean “A pleasant tickling more than scratching of their ears.”[9] In
either case, “This group has a curiosity so active and a craving for novelty so
insatiable that they are driven to extremes without any discretion for judging
between truth and error.”[10]
As if rejecting sound teaching weren’t bad enough, they crave and pursue false
teachings and myths instead.
V.
5 contains the closing instructions and encouragement directed at Timothy.
Clearly Paul envisages some difficult times ahead for Timothy when a clear and
level head will be needed for his sake and for the Church’s benefit as well.
Paul is certainly familiar with the difficulties and dangers that come with
ministry—particularly since he is writing to Timothy from prison. Thereafter,
Paul’s instruction to Timothy to “do the work of an evangelist” seems a bit out
of place here only because it hasn’t really been included in any part of Paul’s
instructions to Timothy previously in this section of the text. But remember
that Paul is turning over the ministry to Timothy and Paul, more than anything
else, was an evangelist. In fact, he was known as the evangelist to the
Gentiles. Timothy needed to receive and carry this torch as well from Paul.
Finally, Paul generally restates his charge to Timothy in his final statement. V.
5 draws a dramatic distinction between the behavior of those who are unfaithful
and the faithfulness with which Timothy is to carry out his ministerial duties
in service to those already a part of the Church as well as those who may yet
become part of the Church.
Application
I don’t know about you but when I read these verses I
have to shake my head in amazement that the words describe, with frightening detail,
the events of our own days. Charismatic leaders, especially religious leaders,
can say virtually anything they want without question. Truth is irrelevant!
People only want to hear what makes them feel good about what they think is
true or how they are living their lives. I have to tell you that I see this
more and more every day and it breaks my heart. Let me remind you about a story
from a long time ago. I’ll share the relevant part of the story:
Now the serpent was more crafty than any of the wild
animals the Lord God had made. He
said to the woman, “Did God really say, ‘You must not eat from any tree in the
garden’?” The woman said to the serpent, “We may eat fruit from the trees in
the garden, but God did say, ‘You must not eat fruit from the tree that is in
the middle of the garden, and you must not touch it, or you will die.’” “You
will not certainly die,” the serpent said to the woman. “For God knows that
when you eat from it your eyes will be opened, and you will be like God, knowing
good and evil.” When the woman saw that the fruit of the tree was good for food
and pleasing to the eye, and also desirable for gaining wisdom, she took some
and ate it. She also gave some to her husband, who was with her, and he ate it.
(Gen 3:1-6)
Remember
when I told you earlier where false teachings come from? Well here we have the
father of lies doing what he does best—deceiving God’s followers! You might
also note that Satan didn’t drag Eve kicking and screaming to the tree and cram
the apple down her throat. No, I suspect her ears were itching and Satan was
more than happy to scratch the itch.
So
let me just say something to you from the deepest part of my heart—don’t be
deceived! Please be willing to listen to the truth even if it is very difficult
to hear and be willing to speak the truth even if it is very difficult to say.
Don’t simply go along with what someone says just because it affirms what you
believe or how you live. First see what God’s Word says and then think for
yourself. I wish I could somehow convey to you how serious this matter is. My
professors at Seminary used to say: “You have a duty as a follower to follow
only the Truth even if it leads you to the cross and as a Pastor to teach only
the Truth even if it means leading someone to the cross.” It won’t always be easy
but sometimes we might have to have some very hard conversations with family
and friends about the Truth of God’s Word. We must be willing to hear some very
hard truths contained in God’s Word about our own lives and make the changes
necessary to conform to those truths. The truth of God’s Word is life giving
even if it is very difficult. Let me share an illustration with you about this
principle that might help. I have friends who have a young son that was diagnosed
with cancer in January 2010. Hearing those words from the medical professionals
was certainly heart-wrenching but the hardest truths were yet to come when the
doctors began educating them about leukemia and the grueling treatments that
would be needed in order to save their son’s life. It has been a long and
difficult road that won’t be complete until his final treatment in June 2013.
However, last week he turned 15, got his driver’s permit and has been in
remission since early 2010![11]
Now what do you suppose would have happened if the doctors and nurses didn’t
want to tell them the hard truth that their son had cancer or what if they
didn’t want a doctor or nurse that would tell them the truth about their son’s
condition? Well you can guess that for yourself. So next time you hear someone
like Archbishop Tutu invoking God to try to draw an analogy between, race,
gender and sexual preference as though God does not make a distinction between
things that are morally neutral and things that are not, ask yourself if that
person is seeking to convey biblical truth or whether it’s someone who is out
to Scratch Those Itching Ears!
***Warning***
Let me please offer you a word of warning. When dealing
with unbelievers, you must first do the hard work of evangelism before trying
to use the Scriptures to rebuke them. Remember that Jesus sent the Holy Spirit
to enlighten us and lead us to the truth. However, the Holy Spirit does not
dwell in unbelievers so it is unreasonable to hold them to the same level of
biblical understanding or ethical conduct as believers. If you don’t first lead
them to Christ, you will only be beating them over the head with truths they
don’t accept as true! This will not bring them closer to Christ but will
instead drive them farther away. Don’t expect them to be clean before you bring
them to the One who will “wash them white as snow” (Is 1:18). Don’t be afraid
to associate with unbelievers or invite them into your churches. Unbelievers
must hear about Jesus and see how he has worked in your lives. I’m not saying
that biblical truth does not apply to unbelievers. I’m saying that the
salvation of unbelievers should be the primary goal. Conformity to biblical
truth for unbelievers (if that were even possible) in this life is irrelevant
if they are lost forever.
[1] Nowhere
in Scripture is anyone’s race or gender ever condemned in this way by God.
[2] Gerald
F. Hawthorne, Ralph P. Martin, and Daniel G. Reid, eds., Dictionary of Paul and His Letters, (Downers Grove, IL:
InterVarsity Press, 1993), p. 661.
[3] Ibid.,
p. 44.
[4] Philip
H. Towner, The Letters to Timothy and
Titus, (William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, Grand Rapids, MI, 2006), p.
600.
[5] The
Ephesian heresy was an aberrant form of Judaism combined with Gnosticism. It
emphasized the Law but minimized Christ and faith. It taught the virtue of
asceticism and denied the resurrection. It produced sinful lifestyles and was
destroying the Church’s reputation in Ephesus.
[6] William
D. Mounce, WBC Pastoral Epistles,
(Thomas Nelson, Nashville, TN, 2000), p. 573.
[7][7] Philip
H. Towner, 1-2 Timothy & Titus, (Downers Grove, IL: IVP Academic, 1994), p.
205.
[8] Towner,
The Letters to Timothy and Titus, p. 604.
[9] Ibid.
[10] Ibid.,
pp. 604-605.
[11]
September is childhood cancer awareness month—pass it on!
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